Keywords
Eastern Ghats-Andhra Padesh
India
problems
perspectives
How to Cite
Abstract
The Eastern Ghats run parallel to the East coast of Andhra Pradesh, India, and support a biodiverse flora, including orchids. India has 1400 orchid species in 184 genera. The high rainfall areas of the North Eastern states of India are rich in orchids. At present 128 species in 43 genera are recorded in Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh. The five endemic orchid species in Eastern Ghats are Bulbophyllum panigrahianum, Eria meghasaniensis, Habinaria panigrahiana, H. panigrahiana var. parviloba, and Liparis vestita subsp. seidenfadensis. Rare orchids in Eastern Ghats are Bulbophyllum macraei, Diplopora championi, and Goodyera fumata. A major problem facing orchids today is over-exploitation of wild species for medicinal, ornamental, and scientific purposes. Habitat destruction, macroclimatic changes, and shifting or swidden cultivation deplete orchid populations. Solutions include afforestation, joint forest management, tissue culture techniques for propagation, and habitat protection. Development of orchid societies in each state of India is recommended, as is designation of orchid habitat in Eastern Ghats as sanctuaries or national parks to conserve orchids systematically.
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