Keywords
orchid conservation
Mexico
How to Cite
Abstract
Knowledge of orchid diversity has greatly expanded in the last 30 years. Some 1,150 identified species are recognized in Mexico with an additional 100 species still unidentified. Some 250 localities have been surveyed with "hot spots" of orchid diversity identified. Cloud forests contain almost 60% of known species in only 2% of territory; this is the most endangered biome. A map of priority regions for conservation is available. A federal list of endangered or threatened species has been published. Official development policies have changed from massive clearing to biodiversity conservation. Demographic and genetic surveys have taken place in particularly threatened and economically important species like Laelia speciosa and Vanilla. Cases of conflicting interests in horticulture oppose orchid growers with in situ conservation. Ex situ conservation of Laelia anceps subsp. dawsonii, L. gouldiana, Paphiopedilum xerophyticum and P. exstaminodium results in commercial gain. A National Plan for Orchid Conservation focusing on immediate actions is underway. Various projects of in situ conservation are ongoing with legal support. A realistic assessment of commercial possibilities of local species is essential to avoid exaggerated expectations. Interaction of local groups, government and NGO's with local communities is essential to biodiversity conservation.
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